Using a proteomic approach and double-fluorescent staining, we identified high expression and colocalization of albumin and cytokeratin-19 in liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma tissues, compared with normal livers from cholangiocarcinoma patients and cadaveric donors, respectively.
Therefore, we examined the expression pattern of YAP and TAZ in 141 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma keratin 19 positive (HCC K19⁺), hepatocellular carcinoma keratin 19 negative (HCC K19<sup>-</sup>), combined hepatocellular⁻cholangiocarcinoma carcinoma (cHCC-CCA), or cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
The TERT and Cytokeratin-19 promoters are highly expressed in cholangiocarcinoma and seem suitable to restrict adenoviral gene therapy to these intra-hepatic tumours.
The correlation between poor prognosis and increased yes-associated protein 1 expression in keratin 19 expressing hepatocellular carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas.
Multiplex protein labeling of CC and morphometric analyses showed: 1) up-regulation of ZEB-1, and 2) down-regulation of CK19 in intrahepatic CC compared to nonneoplastic BEC, consistent with previous CC proteomic studies showing EMT during cholangiocarcinogenesis.
Furthermore, the results show that a mixed biological phenotype (ie, CK 8, CK 18 and CK 7 and/or CK 19) can be found both among morphologically pure HCCs and peripheral CCs, suggesting that these two forms could share a common histogenesis.